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30 April 2010

Bash oneliners or helpful aliases for your .bashrc

Useful bash oneliners that might or might not be worth including as aliases in your ~/.bashrc file.

Bash Oneliners
command
action
grep -v "^#" $* | grep -v "^$"
print file contents excluding comments starting with # and empty lines
netstat -tpauln
print open TCP connections *and* application names
find . -maxdepth 1  -type d  -exec du -sh {} \; | sort -hr
print sorted directory sizes starting with the biggest
find . -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type d -print0 | xargs -0 du -sh | sort -hr
same as above, but supposedly more efficient for lots of files
help test | less
does not do much work on itself but it is good reading
[ -n $SOMEVAR ] &&  echo "IS_NOT_EMPTY" || echo "IS_EMPTY"
execute first command on empty string, or execute second command otherwise (the Python way)
mkdir $(echo {01..22}spam)
create folders 01spam, 02spam, 03spam, etc.
cp filename{,.bak}
create backup of file
!!
rerun previous command
sudo !!
rerun previous command as root
python -m SimpleHTTPServer
run web server for current dir on port 8000 (Python 2.x version)
python -m http.server
run web server for current dir (Python 3 version)
:w !sudo tee %
write file in vim as root
ssh-copy-id remote-machine
copy rsa/dsa key to remote machine for public authentication
ffmpeg -f x11grab -s wxga -r 25 -i :0.0 -sameq /tmp/out.mpg
record current desktop to mpeg file
echo -e ${PATH//\:/\\n}
string replace with bash (the example replaces colon with end-of-line
curl -O http://rss.timegenie.com/forex.xml
download file to local file forex.xml
tr -dc ' -~' < /dev/urandom | head -c 20
generate random string
echo $(($RANDOM % 100))
generate random number in range
sudo find . -user root -exec chown spamneggs {} \;
find all files owned by root and change owner to spamneggs
function mcd {
  mkdir ${1} && cd ${1}  
}
a ~/.bashrc shortcut to make a directory and move into it.
function catw {
cat `which "${1}"`  
}
a ~/.bashrc shortcut for typing cat `which script`
function vimw {
vim `which "${1}"`  
}
a ~/.bashrc shortcut for typing vim `which script`; you get the idea...
See also:

15 April 2010

Running a command recursively on all files in a directory tree

Windows solution
Here is a script which calls mplayer on every file in a directory including subfolders:

The script will work on dirs containing spaces and non-ascii characters since all file names are converted to short dos names (via the `~s` modifier).
  set mplayer=z:\path_to_mplayer\mplayer.exe
  for /f "delims=" %%f in ('dir /b /s "%cd%"') do (%mplayer% "%%~sf")
Linux bash solution
The bash shell solution is much easier to read than the windows one:
  #!/bin/sh
  cwd=`pwd`
  for f in `find $cwd -type f -iname "*.mp3" `; do
    mplayer $f
  done

A Better Solution

An alternative solution for both Windows and Linux would be to create a playlist file first, and then run a single mplayer instance with the -playlist switch:
Linux bash
  #!/bin/sh
  find $pwd -type f -iname "*.mp3" > /tmp/allfiles.m3u
  mplayer -playlist /tmp/allfiles.m3u
Windows Batch
  set mplayer=z:\path_to_mplayer\mplayer.exe
  set playlist=%TEMP%/mp3playlist.m3u
  dir /b /s "%cd%" | find /I ".mp3" > "%playlist%"
  %mplayer% -playlist "%playlist%"
Shortest solution
  mplayer $(find . -iname "*.mp3")